Maternal diet quality and nutrient intake in the gestational period: results from the delta healthy sprouts comparative impact trial

Table 1 Delta Healthy Sprouts participant baseline (early second trimester of pregnancy) demographic characteristics by treatment arm

	PAT (n = 43)		PATE (n = 39)
Characteristic	n	%	n	%	P
Race					1.000
African American	41	95.3	38	97.4
White	2	4.7	1	2.6
Marital status					0.678
Single^a	39	90.7	37	94.9
Married	4	9.3	2	5.1
Education level					0.684
9th–11th grade	7	16.3	7	17.9
High school/GED	15	34.9	12	30.8
Some college/technical	17	39.5	13	33.3
College degree	4	9.3	7	17.9
Employment status					0.468
Full time/part-time	13	30.2	16	41.0
Unemployed (looking)	21	48.8	14	35.9
Homemaker/student	9	20.9	9	23.1
Household monthly income^b					0.284
< $500	10	23.3	5	12.8
$500-$1000	10	23.3	9	23.1
$1001–$1500	4	9.3	12	30.8
$1501–$2000	7	16.3	5	12.8
$2001–$4000	6	14.0	3	7.7
Don’t know/refused	6	14.0	5	12.8
Smoker in household	12	27.9	12	30.8	0.776
Smoker^c					0.112
Current	3	7.0	1	2.6
Stopped before pregnancy	1	2.3	0	0.0
Stopped after became pregnant	2	4.7	0	0.0
No	37	86.0	38	97.4
Medicaid health insurance	40	93.0	35	89.7	0.703
Receiving SNAP	35	81.4	27	69.2	0.200
Receiving WIC	38	88.4	31	79.5	0.271
Own/access to vehicle	39	90.7	35	89.7	1.000
Receiving prenatal care	43	100.0	39	100.0
Pre-pregnancy weight class^d					0.386
Underweight (BMI < 18.5)	4	9.3	3	7.7
Healthy weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25)	12	27.9	8	20.5
Overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30)	9	20.9	10	25.6
Obese (BMI ≥ 30)	18	41.9	18	46.2
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	P
Age (years)	23.3	4.58	22.7	4.69	0.537
Household size	3.8	1.62	4.1	1.78	0.406
Gestational age^e	17.4	1.85	17.7	2.43	0.533

PAT Parents as Teachers control treatment; PATE Parents as Teachers, Enhanced experimental treatment; SNAP Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; WIC SNAP for Women, Infants, and Children; BMI body mass index
^aIncludes 1 participant who indicated she is divorced
^bComparison = <$500–$1500 vs. $1501–$4000; don’t know/refused excluded
^cComparison = no vs. all other responses
^eBased on self-reported pre-pregnancy weight; comparison = underweight or healthy weight vs. overweight or obese
^eBased on reported due date; enrollment data collected late for 3 participants

ISSN: 2054-958X