Skip to main content

Table 3 Risk factors for the multilevel mortality variable

From: Impact of exposure to cooking fuels on stillbirths, perinatal, very early and late neonatal mortality - a multicenter prospective cohort study in rural communities in India, Pakistan, Kenya, Zambia and Guatemala

Characteristic

Multivariate analysis - adjusted odds ratios (95 % Confidence Interval)

Macerated stillbirths

Non-Macerated stillbirths

Early neonatal mortality day 0–2 of life (NMR_0-2)

Later neonatal mortality day 3–28 of life (NMR_3-28)

Alive on day 29 (Reference Group)

HAP exposure

Polluting fuel

1.66 (1.23, 2.25)

1.43 (1.15, 1.85)

1.82 (1.47, 2.22)

1.28 (0.91, 1.76)

1.00

Clean fuel

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Maternal age

<20

0.83 (0.55, 1.13)

1.01 (0.81, 1.24)

1.21 (0.97, 1.48)

1.05 (0.78, 1.42)

1.00

≥20

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Maternal education

No formal schooling

1.71 (1.32, 2.22)

1.51 (1.26, 1.81)

1.14 (0.90, 1.44)

1.19 (0.95, 1.47)

1.00

Formal schooling

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Parity

0

1.27 (1.03, 1.59)

1.34 (1.13, 1.56)

1.24 (1.05, 1.47)

1.43 (1.17, 1.73)

1.00

1-2

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

≥3

1.30 (1.01, 1.68)

1.39 (1.19, 1.65)

1.22 (1.04, 1.43)

1.11 (0.86, 1.41)

1.00

Antenatal care

Any

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

None

1.41 (0.99, 2.12)

1.62 (1.23, 2.13)

0.90 (0.68, 1.21)

1.32 (0.85, 1.81)

1.00

Delivery attendant

Physician

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Nurse/Midwife

0.69 (0.52, 0.87)

0.65 (0.51, 0.82)

0.68 (0.54, 0.85)

0.87 (0.70, 1.08)

1.00

No skilled birth attendant

0.58 (0.25, 1.03)

0.50 (0.30, 0.80)

0.67 (0.39, 1.00)

0.91 (0.49, 1.67)

1.00

Delivery location

Facility

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Home/Other

0.94 (0.49, 2.30)

1.06 (0.70, 1.68)

1.00 (0.72, 1.71)

0.86 (0.48, 1.48)

1.00

Infant gender

Male

1.08 (0.91, 1.30)

1.13 (0.99, 1.29)

1.39 (1.19, 1.60)

1.18 (1.00, 1.40)

1.00

Female

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00