Table 3 Maternal outcome (self-reported ‘parenting stress’) assessed by EBI-index* at the child’s age of 1 year, comparing intervention group vs historical control group (as reference group)

EBI sum score (T-value ≥60)

21

35

0.82

0.44–1.52

0.74

0.29–1.92

EBI Subscale Parents total (T-value ≥60)

23

36

0.83

0.46–1.52

0.57

0.23–1.43

EBI Subscale Children total (T-value≥60)

22

28

1.09

0.58–2.04

0.91

0.35–2.35

 Depression (yes vs no)

78

127

0.37

0.18–0.74

0.25

0.07–0.94

 Lack of mother-child attachment (yes vs no)

59

74

1.22

0.74–2.03

1.18

0.52–2.68

 Social isolation (yes vs no)

79

102

1.27

0.71–2.26

1.32

0.55–3.20

 Parental incompetence (yes vs no)

53

95

0.51

0.31–0.86

0.47

0.20–1.08

 Health problems (yes vs no)

74

106

0.86

0.49–1.52

1.06

0.45–2.46

 Personal restrictions (yes vs no)

79

115

0.77

0.42–1.42

0.85

0.32–2.23

 Disturbed relationship with parenting partner (yes vs no)

72

114

0.61

0.32–1.14

0.34

0.10–1.14

 Demands (yes vs no)

69

117

0.42

0.23–0.76

0.40

0.15–1.10

 Hyperactivity (yes vs no)

84

114

1.07

0.57–2.02

0.69

0.25–1.90

 Mood (yes vs no)

49

75

0.81

0.49–1.34

0.61

0.27–1.38

 Acceptability (yes vs no)

54

74

1.01

0.61–1.67

0.91

0.39–2.12

 Adaptability (yes vs no)

77

108

0.92

0.52–1.65

0.54

0.21–1.40